EPC Services
EPC Services
Enerzinx provides comprehensive power system studies to support the safe, efficient, and reliable operation of electrical networks. Our expertise covers a wide range of analyses, including Load Flow, Short Circuit, Relay Coordination, Arc Flash, Harmonics, Transformer Energisation, SSR/SSO, Insulation Coordination, Grounding Studies, etc.,
Through detailed simulations and industry‑standard methodologies, the system performance is evaluated under various operating and fault conditions. These studies help optimize equipment selection, improve protection schemes, ensure compliance with international standards, and enhance overall power quality.
With a focus on precision, safety, and long‑term reliability, the power system studies empower industries, utilities, and critical facilities to operate with confidence and resilience.
The load flow analysis optimizes the power flow and enhances the equipment/plant performance. This supports the design and expansion of power system networks for renewable energy projects and industrial facilities. Enerzinx's expertise includes determining optimal equipment sizing through performance monitoring, identifying potential overloads, and optimizing power dispatch. This enhances the system stability by diagnosing voltage deviations, power factor issues, and other operational abnormalities, ensuring reliable and efficient network performance.
Standards:
• IEEE 399- IEEE Recommended Practice for Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Analysis
• IEEE 3002.2- IEEE Recommended Practice for Conducting Load-Flow Studies and Analysis of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems
Reactive power capability studies evaluate the ability of generators/ renewable plants, synchronous condensers, and other equipment to supply or absorb reactive power under various operating conditions. The assessment ensures compliance with grid requirements, maintains voltage stability, optimal power factor performance and supports efficient system operation.
Standards:
• IEEE 2800 - Requirements for Interconnection and Interoperability of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) Interconnecting with Associated Transmission Electric Power Systems
• IEEE 1547 - Interconnection and Interoperability of Distributed Energy Resources with Associated Electric Power Systems Interfaces
This study determines the maximum current that can flow through an electrical system during a fault, such as a line-to-line or line-to-ground short. This analysis helps in selecting appropriate ratings for circuit breakers, relays, and other protective devices. It ensures the system can safely withstand fault currents without any equipment damage/failure.
Standards:
• ANSI/IEEE C37-Circuit Breakers and Protection Coordination
• IEC 60909 - Short-circuit current calculations
• IEEE 3002.2 - Recommended Practice for Conducting Short-Circuit Studies
Cable sizing and voltage drop analyses determines optimal conductor sizes based on load, distance, and system conditions. Cable size selection is based on current-carrying capacity (ampacity), short-circuit withstand capacity, voltage drop limits and thermal limits of insulation.
Voltage drop analysis evaluates cable length, load current, conductor material (copper/aluminium), power factor, system voltage to ensure voltage remains within acceptable limits based on relevant standards.
Cable ampacity and thermal studies evaluate conductor temperature rise, current carrying capacity, and installation conditions. The assessment ensures cables are properly rated, thermal limits are maintained, and system reliability is optimized for continuous and emergency operations.
Protection Coordination analysis aims at minimizing fault impacts by isolating the affected section from the healthy network as quickly as possible. Enerzinx ensure that protection devices such as relays and breakers operate accurately during fault conditions. The objective is to isolate only the faulty section, maintaining continuity for the rest of the system. This study determines optimal trip settings and timings based on fault levels, system configuration, and device characteristics, enhancing system reliability, safety, and compliance with applicable electrical standards.
Standards:
• IEEE 242 - Recommended Practice for Protection and Coordination of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems
Arc Flash Studies in accordance with IEEE 1584 are performed to assess incident energy levels and establish arc flash boundaries. This ensures personnel safety, equipment protection, and full compliance with applicable regulations. The services include comprehensive labelling, clear hazard identification, and practical safety recommendations to enhance workplace protection.
In alignment with NFPA 70E, we define safety approach boundaries around energized equipment, including:
Arc Flash Boundary
Limited Approach Boundary
Restricted Approach Boundary
Prohibited Approach Boundary
Harmonics studies analyses voltage and current distortion within the power system. Our assessment identifies harmonic sources, evaluates compliance with standards, and recommends mitigation measures to minimize interference, improve efficiency, and protect equipment from long term damage.
Standards:
• IEEE 399 - IEEE Recommended Practice for Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Analysis
• IEEE Std 3002.8™- Recommended Practice for Conducting Harmonic Studies and Analysis of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems
• IEEE 519 – Recommended Practice and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electric Power Systems
• IEEE 2800 - Requirements for Interconnection and Interoperability of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) Interconnecting with Associated Transmission Electric Power Systems
Motor Acceleration Studies ensure reliable motor performance for critical operations. These studies evaluate both static and dynamic starting conditions. The analysis ensures motors start smoothly, minimizes voltage dips, and optimizes overall system performance during critical startup periods.
Standards/References:
• IEEE 399 – Recommended Practice for Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Analysis
• IEEE 3002.7 – Recommended Practice for Conducting Motor-Starting Studies and Analysis of Industrial and Commercial Power System
• IEC 60034 – Rotating Electrical Machines
• NEMA – National Electric Manufacturers Association
Grounding studies analyses the performance of grounding systems under various fault conditions to ensure safe and effective fault current dissipation. The assessment evaluates ground grid design, touch and step voltages, and compliance with safety standards, ensuring personnel protection, equipment safety, and reliable system operation.
Standards/ References:
• IEEE Std 80 – Safety in AC Substation Grounding
• IEEE Std 142 (Green Book) – Grounding of Industrial and Commercial Systems
• IEC 61936-1 – Power Installations
Insulation coordination studies evaluate the system’s ability to withstand switching and lightning over voltages. The assessment determines appropriate insulation levels, verifies protective device ratings, and recommends mitigation measures to safeguard equipment, enhance system reliability, and ensure compliance with international standards.
There are various types of studies in insulation coordination study including the following:
• Temporary Overvoltage (TOV)
• Switching Overvoltage (SFO)
• Fast Front Overvoltage (FFO)
• Very Fast Front Overvoltage (VFFO)
Standards:
• IEC Standard 60071-2: Application guide
• IEC Standard 60071-4: Computational guide to insulation co-ordination and modelling of electrical networks
• CIGRE WG 33.01: Guide to procedures for estimating the lighting performance of transmission lines
Transformer energization studies evaluate inrush currents, voltage dips, and system impacts during energization events. The assessment ensures protection devices operate correctly, system stability is maintained, and equipment stress is minimized for smooth integration into the network.
TRV study evaluates switching transients and overvoltage conditions in the system. The assessment ensures that circuit breakers, transformers, and other equipment operate within their rated capabilities, preventing insulation stress, equipment damage, and ensuring system reliability.
SSR (Sub-Synchronous Resonance) and SSO (Sub-Synchronous Oscillation) studies evaluate interactions between generators and the transmission network. The assessment identifies potential resonance conditions, analyses system response, and recommends mitigation strategies to maintain mechanical integrity, protect equipment, and ensure long-term grid stability.
Standards:
• IEEE Std 1209 – Guide for Evaluation of Sub-Synchronous Resonance
• IEEE Std 1222 – Guidelines for Sub-Synchronous Control Interaction (SSCI)
NERC PRC studies to verify that protection systems, control schemes, and generator settings meet regulatory requirements. The assessment covers PRC 019 (coordination of generating unit capabilities), PRC 024 (generator frequency and voltage protection for synchronous generators), PRC 025 (generator protection relay settings), and PRC 029 (generator frequency and voltage protection for synchronous generators for IBRs). These studies ensure reliable operation, prevent unnecessary tripping, and maintain compliance with NERC standards.
Voltage flicker analysis for renewable plants is performed to evaluate fluctuations caused by variable generation sources such as wind turbines and solar inverters. The assessment ensures compliance with grid codes, minimizes adverse impacts on nearby consumers, and maintains stable power quality for reliable plant operation.
